Pavocat IHL System

PHASE 1 - PEACE
GENERIC - 'Green'

IHL TRAINING

Verifiable delivery by established experts of university accredited training to militaries, gendarmeries and others, such as the personnel of Private Military Companies (“PMCs”), at all levels in the laws applicable to international and non-international armed conflicts (“IAC” and “NIAC”), including training in the Law of Armed Conflict (“LOAC”) and International Human Rights Law (“IHRL”) and more, to include:

Courses provided by the Pavocat-Stellenbosch Academy, which is located in and accredited by Stellenbosch University in South Africa ;
Training Manuals and Individual Training Logs;
Recorded IHL/IHRL Compliance Pledges; and
IHL/IHRL Pocketbook Code of Conduct (‘The Red Card’).

MONITORING

Structured monitoring of IHL (and/or IHRL) compliance across all levels of leadership and control, to include:

Publication annually of an IHL (and/or IHRL) Compliance Report (a ‘Compliance Health Check’); and
Annual IHL (and/or IHRL) Compliance Pledge obtained from all relevant personnel

VERIFICATION

Snap and unannounced IHL (and/or IHRL) audits implemented in units across all service arms and within other structures with failure resulting in re-training.

PHASE 2 - OPERATIONAL PREPAREDNESS
SPECIFIC - 'Amber'

BESPOKE IHL (AND IHRL) REINFORCEMENT TRAINING

The provision of mission specific IHL (and IHRL) pre-deployment training to prepare personnel for participation in operations that may require the use of force, such as peace enforcement and peace keeping missions, to include:

Applicable legal regimes (peace enforcement compared to peace keeping; IAC compared to NIAC etc)
Permissible use of force, Targeting and Rules of Engagement;
The use of drones and sensitive equipment:
Handling and treatment of detainees;
Protecting civilians and cultural property; and
Gender violence and respect for human rights.

PHASE 3 - CONFLICT
REAL (OPERATIONS) - 'Red'

OBSERVERS

Embedded observers at the strategic operational and tactical levels of command able to identify potential and actual LOAC/IHRL breaches and report them swiftly and accurately up the chain of command (and outside of it, as appropriate).

POST INCIDENT ANALYSIS

Immediate review of reported IHL/IHRL incident to ensure: (1) capture of relevant facts and materials; and (2) that repetition does not occur by implementing changes to operational doctrine, policy or practices.

WAR CRIMES INVESTIGATION

The independent and thorough investigation of alleged breaches (including grave breaches) of IHL and transgressions of IHRL by service personnel at any level and in any service.

Production of a dossier of evidence for referral to appropriate entities and agencies (e.g., Military Prosecutors)